This publication uses publicly available geospatial resources to consolidate global spatial information on Indigenous lands. The analysis shows that Indigenous Peoples manage or have tenure rights over at least ~38 million km2 in 87 countries, representing politically distinct areas on all inhabited continents and over a quarter of the world’s land surface. The geospatial analysis presented indicates that collaborative partnerships involving conservation practitioners, Indigenous Peoples and governments would yield significant benefits for conservation of ecologically valuable landscapes, ecosystems and genes for future generations.