In Canada, land trusts, not-for-profit conservation organizations and government agencies have sought to ‘conserve private lands’ for their ecological, agricultural, recreational, or cultural value through acquiring ownership or other legal interests in land. Often termed ‘securement’, this process has a long and contentious history. Despite creating significant public benefits, private land conservation has often occurred without a full appreciation and understanding of the impacts on Indigenous rights and title. Continuing to do so will further perpetuate unreconciled relationships among Indigenous Peoples, non-Indigenous peoples and public governments.

This report provides guidance for private land conservation organizations seeking to adapt their practices and build respectful and appropriate relationships with Indigenous governments. It is also an important tool for conservation organizations seeking to understand the legal and policy landscape that frames key relationships with Indigenous communities in Canada and abroad