This paper includes an analysis of “wicked problems” that Indigenous communities, governments, and other stakeholders in protected areas will need to navigate to implement the IPCA approach in Canada. It also outlines the different types of Indigenous involvement in protected areas and how they potentially fit within the principles of IPCAs. Key sections include a table showing examples and jurisdiction/decision-making authority for a number of different types of Indigenous involvement in protected areas in Canada, an overview of “wicked problems” including the diverse and federalist nature of Canadian law and law-making and the tension between scientific and traditional knowledge in protected area management.