This academic article examines Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) in Canada, a newly recognized form of Indigenous-led conservation. While some Indigenous governments, communities, and organizations frame IPCAs as advancing reconciliation, Indigenous Nations continue to face challenges in establishing and maintaining these areas. It argues that true reconciliation hinges on Crown governments and the conservation sector supporting IPCAs in alignment with Indigenous leaders’ recommendations, necessitating the dismantling of barriers rooted in settler ideologies and institutions.